Fluid-pressure motor.



J. POURNIA. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 17, 1911.

Patented May 27, 1913.

. I \N RQ N wmw COLUMBIA PLANOGIZAPH C0,, WASHINGTON, 1:.c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN FOURNIA, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 01F ONE-HALF '10 FREDERICK RANDALL GREENE, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 17, 1911. Serial No. 627,779.

of Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid- Pressure Motors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, forming partthereof.

My invention relates to fluid pressure motors, and is particularly applicable to motors for use on double acting pumps designed for pumping feed water in loc'omo-' tives and for similar uses, although applicable to fluid pressure motors capable of various uses.

The general objects of my invention are simplicity of constructionand operation, re-

liability, efficiency and economy.

Other more specific objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the following description.

I shall now describe the embodiment of my invention illustrated in the accompany: ing drawings and shall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a complete motor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail in elevation of the valve chest and conduit-s leading therefrom. Fig. 3 is a central horizontal section of the same on enlarged scale.

.I shall hereafter speak of the pressure fluid as steam, though other pressure fluids, such as compressed air, will operate the motor equally as well.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention I have shown a two-cylinder steam engine combined with a double acting pump. In this embodiment I employ two oppositely facing steam cylinders 1 and 2, arranged in tandem and having their front or adjacent ends closed and their rear or opposite ends I open to the atmosphere. In the cylinders are pistons 3 and 1, respectively, connected by a rod 5 and arranged to Work oppositely to and in conjunction with each other, so that when one piston is at the limit of its inward stroke, that is, is nearest to the closed end of its cylinder, the other piston is at the limit of its outward stroke, that is, it is nearest to the open end of its cylinder, suitable stuffing boxes or packing glands are provided in the closed ends of the cylinders to render the bearings for the rod 5 steam tight.

A single cylindrical valve-chest 6 is arranged in control of the two cylinders. This valve-chest is provided in its rear side with a central live steam inlet port 7 with which a pipe 8 communicates, and in the same hori- Zontal plane, two exhaust ports 9 and 10 are provided, one on each side of the inlet port 7, which exhaust ports communicate with pipes 11 and 12, respectively. Two series of cylinder communicating ports are provided, each series consisting of a plurality of holes radiatingfrom the valve-chamber in a common transverse vertical plane and entering a common annular chamber in the walls of thevalve-chest, the ports 17 for the left steam cylinder being located between the inlet port 7 and the left exhaust port 9, and the ports 18 for the right steam cylinder being located between the inlet port 7 and the right exhaust port 10. The cylinder communicating ports 17 of the left steam cylinder, enter the annular. chamber 15, and from this annular chamber 15 a pipe 19 leads to the closed end of the left cylinder 1. The cylinder communicating ports 18 enter the annular chamber 16, and from this annular chamber a pipe 20 leads to the closed end of.

which act to reclprocate the valve, as will be hereinafter described. The valve-pistons 22 and 28'are so arranged on the rod 21, that when the valve is in the position shown in the drawings the left ports 17 communicate with the live steam inlet 7, and the right ports 18 communicate with the exhaust port 10. With the valve at the opposite endof its throw, the pistons 22 and 23 will have moved to the opposite sides of the ports 17 and 18, and the right ports 18 will be in com- Patented May 27, 1913.

munication with the live steam inlet 7 and the left ports 17 will be in communication with the exhaust port 9. To reciprocate the slidevalve means are provided under the control of the pistons 3 and at, which means will now be described.

Ports 13 and lt are provided in the cylinders 1 and 2, respectively, near the open ends of the cylinders, but within the limits of movement of the inner faces of the pis tons 3 and 4, respectively, so that these ports are in communication with closed parts of the cylinders for short periods when the pistons are at and in immediate proximity to the outer ends of their strokes. These ports I term reversing ports. The left reversing port- 13 is connected by a pipe 26 with a left end valve-port 26 entering the valve-chamber beyond the left end valvepiston 25, and the right reversing port 14 is connected by a pipe 27 with a right end valveport 27 entering the valve-chamber beyond the right end valve-piston 24.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be apparent that the pistons 3 and 4: are shown as moving toward the left and that as the left piston 3 is approaching the outer or open end of its cylinder, the right piston 4 is approaching the closed end of its cylinder. At the limit of this movement the left piston 3' will have cleared reversing port 13 of its cylinder, and steam will rush from the left cyl inder 1 through the pipe 26 into' the space beyond or behind the left end valve-piston 25, and the pressure of this steam will throw the valve to the right, thus connecting the left cylinder 1 with the exhaust pipe 11, and the right cylinder 2 with the inlet pipe 8. This will cause a reversal of the motor, and the pistons 3 and 4 will start in their travel in the opposite direction. When the left piston 3 moves on its inward stroke su-fiiciently to open the left reversing port 13 to the atmosphere, the space beyond or behind the left end valve-piston 25 will be vented to the atmosphere and the pressure therein will immediately fall, but the slide-valve will remain in the position to which it was moved by this pressure. When the pistons 3 and 4 reach the opposite limit of their travel, the right cylinder reversing port 14 will be put in communication with the right cylinder 2, with the result that the pressure will rise in the chamber beyond or behind the right end valve-piston 24, and the valve will be thrown in the opposite direction, or to the left, and back to the position as shown. Thus there is provided an extremely simple two-cylinder engine, in whichboth cylinders are controlled by a single valve, which valve is operated by steam pressure under the control of the respective pistons.

In order to assure that the slide-valve will always be in operative position, that is at one end of its throw, when the motor isstopped,

.I employ means for placing the valve at of a plunger-rod 28 attached to a piston 29 sdisposed' in an auxiliary cylinder 30 arranged at the end of and in line with the ivalve-chest 6. A pipe 31 connects the live- ,steam pipe 8 with the cylinder 3 in front of the piston 29 so that when the steam is admitted to the pipe 8, some of it will pass through the pipe 3-1 and retract the piston 29 and the plunger 28 against the tension of acoiled thrust spring 32 which bears against the backof the piston 29. hen the steam is turned off again, the pressure in cylinder 30 immediately falls and the spring 32 becomes eif'ective topush the piston 29 forward and press the plunger 28 against the valve to force the valve over to the starting position shown in the drawings. Adjustableset screws 33' and 34 are provided in the end of the valve-chest and of the auxiliary cylinder 30 to limit the throw of the valve. The plunger-rod 28 slides through suitable stutt-- ing boxes in order to render the openings through which it passes steam tight.

The piston stems 3 and 49 extend through suitable stufling boxes into pump-cylinders 35 and 36, respectively, arranged in aline ment with the steam cylinders 1 and 2, and these piston stems 3 and 4c serve as pump pistons in the usual way. The pump is, therefore, a double acting pump, water being drawn up by one piston and forced out by the other piston at each stroke of the pistons 3' and 4:.

The usual drain pipes 37 and 38 are provided in the cylinders land 2, respectively.

It is obvious that various modifications may be made in the construction shown and above particularly described within the principle and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. A fluid pressure motor comprising two oppositely facing fluid pressure cylinders, a piston in each cylinder arranged to move in conjunction with and oppositely to its com plementary piston, a valve-chest communicating with both cylinders and having a 1 5 valve-chamber provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a slide-valve in the valve-chanr her to alternately connect the cylinders with the inlet and exhaust ports, respectively;

each cylinder having a port near its open outer end arranged to be opened to the piston-closed portion of the cylinder for a short period at the outer portion of the stroke of the piston, and the valve chest having ports opening intothe valve chamber at each end thereof and each in communication with the outer end port of its corresponding cylinder, whereby fluid pressure from eachcylinder will actuate the slide valve at the oute'r'portion of the stroke ofeachcylinder.

2. A fluid pressure motor comprising two oppositely facing fluid pressure cylinders in tandem, the cylinders being closed at their inner ends and open at their outer ends, a piston in each cylinder arranged to move in conjunction with and oppositely to its complementary piston, a valve-chest communicating with both cylinders and provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a slide-valve in the valve-chest to alternately connect the cylinders with the inlet and exhaust ports, respectively, and means controlled by each piston for admitting pressure fluid from its cylinder to the valve-chest to reverse the slide-valve when the piston is near the outer end of its stroke and to permit the said pressure fluid to vent itself after such actuation of the slide valve.

3. A fluid pressure motor comprising two oppositely facing fluid pressure cylinders in tandem, the cylinders being closed at their inner ends and open at their outer ends, a piston in each cylinder arranged to move in conjunction with and oppositely to its complementary piston, a valve-chest communi eating with both cylinders and having a valve-chamber provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a slide-valve in the valve-chamher to alternately connect the cylinders with the inlet and exhaust ports, respectively; each cylinder having a port near its open outer end arranged to be opened to the piston-closed portion of the cylinder for a short period at the outer portion of the stroke of the piston, and to be open to the atmosphere when the piston is in proximity to theinner end of its stroke, and the valve-chest having ports opening into the valve-chamber at each end thereof and each in communication with the outer end port of its corresponding cylinder, whereby fluid pressure from each cylinder will actuate the slide valve at the outer portion of the stroke of each piston, and the fluid pressure is vented after such actuation of the slide valve.

4:. In a fluid pressure motor, in combination with two fluid pressure cylinders having one end closed and the other end open to the atmosphere and a piston in each cylinder arranged to move oppositely to its complementary piston, a valve-chest arranged in control of both cylinders and having a valve-chamber and a pressure fluid inlet port, two exhaust ports and two cylindercommunicating ports opening into the valvechamber, each cylinder having a port at its inner end communicating with one of the cylinder-communicating ports in the valvechest; a slide-valve in the valve-chamber arranged in one position to connect one cylinder port with one exhaust port and the other cylinder port with the pressure fluid inlet, and in another position to connect the first cylinder port with the pressure fluid inlet and the second cylinder port with the other exhaust port; and a reversing port in each cylinder communicating with the corresponding end of the valve-chamber beyond the slide-valve, the reversing ports being so located that the pistons pass their respective reversing ports during their stroke, whereby in one position of the pistons relative to the reversing ports, one end of the valvechamber is connected to the pressure fluid in the cylinder and the other end of the valve-chamber is vented to the atmosphere, and in the other position of the pistons the ends of the valve-chamber are reversely connected.

5. In a fluid pressure motor, in combination with two oppositely facing fluid pressure cylinders arranged in tandem, the cylinders being closed at their inner ends and open at their outer ends, and a piston in each cylinder, the pistons being mounted on a common rod, a valve-chest arranged in control of both cylinders and having a valvechamber and a pressure fluid inlet port, two exhaust ports and two cylinder-communieating ports opening into the valve-chamber, each cylinder having a port at its inner end communicating with one of the cylinder-communicating ports in the valve-chest; a slide-valve in the valve-chamber arranged in one position to connect one cylinder port with one exhaust port and the other cylinder port with the pressure fluid inlet, and in another position to connect the first cylinder port with the other exhaust port; and means controlled by the piston for reversing the slide-valve.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN FOURNIA.

Witnesses:

AARON N. MEDLEN, FREEMAN S. ARNOLD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of intents, Washington, D. G. 

